part of no part

In a society that has been characterized by a deliberate policy of preference and institutionalised discrimination against a particular group within that society, it would not only be morally sound and correct to institute mechanisms that would redress the artificial imbalances caused by such a policy or institution, it would also be a rational cause of action. Discrimination which disadvantages an entire community has been widely accepted as an immoral act and has been legislated against in most countries of the world and is recognized by the United Nations as a normatively immoral practice. Failure to redress the latent disadvantage that discrimination may engender, not only legitimizes the past discrimination but also condemns the victim of this discrimination to unequal access to opportunities in the present and future, thus perpetuating the discrimination. Does Affirmative Action Work? The policy of affirmative action was, implemented with relative success all over the wor...

The controversy which has developed around the issue of global warming is by all accounts one which is more prevalent in the popular media than within the scientific community. The genesis of the view opposing a theory of climate change can be traced back to conservative think tanks in the USA which started to question the agreed scientific view between 1990 and 1997. This essay attempts to place the two positions in context and tries to determine which view is most rational. Global Warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980 (Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate , 2011). Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations ...